Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Tingkat Pendidikan terhadap Ketimpangan Pendapatan di Pulau Jawa Tahun 2018-2025

Abstract

Income Inequality remains an important development issue in Java Island, where Economic Growth and improvements in Education do not necessarily lead to an equitable distribution of income. This study aims to analyze the effects of Economic Growth and Education Level on Income Inequality in Java Island during 2018-2025, both partially and simultaneously. This study employed a quantitative approach with a causal-associative design using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) covering six provinces, with 48 observations. Panel data regression using the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) was conducted with EViews 14. The results indicate that Economic Growth has no significant partial effect on Income Inequality (p = 0,2480 > 0,05), while Education Level, measured by Mean Years of Schooling, also has no significant partial effect on Income Inequality (p = 0,7934 > 0,05). However, both variables jointly have a significant effect on Income Inequality (F-statistic = 40,29055; p = 0,000000 < 0,05), with an adjusted R-squared of 0,854053. These findings suggest that reducing Income Inequality requires an integrated policy approach combining inclusive Economic development with equitable improvements in education quality.